State Organization : Unitary State and Federated States

Our intention here is to discuss the forms of the State in terms of their structure. 

This country is also called a Unitarist country. In terms of its structure, a unitary state is a country that is not composed of several countries, as is the case in a federation, but the country is single, meaning that there is only one country, no country within the country.

So thus in that unitary state there is only one government, namely the central government which has the highest power or authority in all fields of government. It is this central government that at the last and highest level can decide everything in the country.

But sometimes within this unitary state there are regional divisions, where in each region there is an independent state organization.

The division of the region is for example the division into regions: Level I, level II, level III, which have the right to organize and manage their own household. And those in each of these regions have their own government, which is called local government. But we must remember that this local government does not have the highest power or authority regarding anything within government field.

Because in the last and highest levels of decisions in the field of government it is the central government that has the authority to make. The unitary state which administers the division of regions as mentioned above is called a decentralized unitary state. On the other hand, a unitary state that does not organize regional division is called a centralized unitary state, but this state usually also holds regional divisions in administrative areas.

A federation state is a state composed of several states that were originally independent, which then entered into an effective cooperation bond, but in addition, these countries still want to have powers that can be administered independently. So here, not all matters are left to the joint government, or the federal government, but there are still certain matters which remain to be taken care of on their own.

Usually, those delegated, namely the affairs assigned by the state governments to the federal government, are matters which are of the common interest of all the states, for example financial affairs, armed transport affairs, defense affairs and so on. that. This is intended to prevent confusion, and so that there is unity, because this is determining the life and death of the country.

So it is fitting that described the federation state as a means of bringing about a union between national unity and power in the sense that the states still retain their rights.

As has been said above, that a federation country is a country that consists of a combination of several states that were originally independent. 

1. Federal government. This is that which is the joint government, or its bond government, or the central government.
2. State government. 

So the countries which were originally independent, in the federation of States joined into one bond, with a view to establishing cooperation between these countries for their common interest, and in addition there are still freedom of state rights from states. the part itself.

The cooperative ties can be close, but they can also be somewhat tenuous, almost resembling a multilateral agreement. And indeed the relationship between the states within the federation is based on an agreement only, which at one time may be severed. And based on the nature of this relationship, the strict nature of the relationship between the federal government and the states, the federation can be divided into two types, namely :

Thus the problem now is, what is the difference between a union state and a union state. Regarding this difference there have been several opinions, each of which makes distinctions with different criteria, so that they reach different results or conclusions.